Why Is My Refrigerator Not Cooling? 7 Common Causes

US In Home Services Team

Oct 29

2 min read

Updated: 2 days ago

A refrigerator that runs but does not stay cold is one of the most common appliance problems. Before your food spoils, here are seven causes to check, from simple fixes you can do yourself to problems that need a technician.

Safety first: unplug the refrigerator before you touch coils, fans or anything behind a panel.

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1. The temperature setting was changed

It sounds simple, but a dial bumped while loading groceries is a common cause. Set the fresh-food section to about 37°F and the freezer to 0°F, then give it 24 hours.

2. Dirty condenser coils

The coils under or behind the fridge release heat. When they are covered in dust and pet hair, the fridge works harder and cools less. Clean them with a coil brush or vacuum about twice a year.

Homeowner dusting the top of a refrigerator

3. Blocked air vents inside

Cold air moves from the freezer into the fresh-food section through small vents. If a box or bag blocks them, the fridge side can warm up while the freezer stays cold. Leave space around the vents.

4. A worn door gasket

If the rubber seal around the door is torn or loose, warm air leaks in. Close the door on a dollar bill: if it slides out easily, the gasket may need to be replaced.

5. The evaporator fan is not running

This fan pushes cold air through the fridge. If you hear the compressor running but feel little air from the freezer vents, or hear a squealing noise, the fan motor may be failing.

6. The condenser fan is not running

On many models a second fan near the compressor keeps it cool. If it stops, the fridge overheats and cools poorly. This part usually needs a technician to test and replace.

7. A defrost problem

If you see thick frost on the back wall of the freezer, the defrost system (heater, thermostat or control board) may have failed. Ice blocks the airflow, so the fridge side warms up.

When to call a technician

Man checking inside a refrigerator that is not cooling

If you have checked the settings, cleaned the coils and the fridge is still warm after a day, or you see frost build-up or hear new noises, it is time for a professional diagnosis. Problems with fans, defrost parts, the compressor or sealed system need the right tools and parts.